Introduction: It has been shown that some respiratory diseases vary by gender. We aimed to compare clinical and evolutive feature of tuberculosis according to gender.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective and comparative study in the pneumology department of Charles Nicolle hospital of Tunis, including patients hospitalized for tuberculosis between 2013 and 2022.

Results: We included 166 patients with an average age at 44±17 years and male predominance (132 men and 34 women). Tabacco smoking and drug habits was higher among men (p<0.01). Age, comorbidities, and symptoms did not differ between two groups. The delay of consultation was longer for women (p=0.02) with a similar delay of diagnosis (p=0.07). The body mass index was lower in men (p=0.04).Clinical improvement, evaluated by symptom?s improvement and weight gain was longer in men (p=0.001). However, bacilloscopic negativation delay and radiological improvement were statistically similar (p=0.1).

Conclusion: Tunisian women with tuberculosis consult later but clinical improvement under treatment seems to be faster than men.