Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic inflammation that leads to airflow limitation and remodeling of the airways. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD and exposure to cigarette smoke represents the main risk factor. Plants contain numerous natural bioactives, such as flavonoid, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties which could support traditional pharmacological therapy. Liposomes represent a good strategy for the pulmonary delivery of active compounds.

The aim of this study was to evaluate for the first time if the incorporation of curcumin and grape pomace extract in liposomes was capable of counteracting oxidative stress and inflammation induced by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) in bronchial epithelial cell line (16HBE).

16HBE were exposed to CSE in combination with these two formulations. It was evaluated: cell viability by MTS; intracellular mitochondrial ROS production by flow cytometry; IL-6, IL-8 protein release by ELISA.

These formulations were highly biocompatible and safe. The CSE increased ROS production, IL-6 and IL-8 release. Liposomes loaded with grape pomace extract counteract the CSE effects on ROS production and IL-6 release, while liposomes with curcumin were able to counteract the effect of CSE on IL-6 and IL-8 release. In conclusion, the tested formulations could exert antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory effects and may represent a promising lung delivery system to reduce the damaging effects of cigarette smoke on respiratory epithelium, providing a valid support to traditional therapy.