Abstract

Background: COVID-19 infection has been associated with persistent symptoms. However, there are uncertainties about the mid-long-term impact of the disease. Aims: To investigate respiratory, mental and physical outcomes in people up to six months following a COVID-19 infection and compare those who did (HOSP) versus did not require hospitalization (NotHOSP). Methods: Assessments were undertaken at three time points: within three weeks of cessation of symptoms (NotHOSP)/hospital discharge (HOSP) (T0); at three months (T3); and six months following cessation of symptoms /hospital discharge (T6). Measures were collected of lung function (spirometry), functional capacity (1 minute sit-to-stand test - 1STS) physical activity - PA (via accelerometer), dyspnea (MRC Scale), fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale - FSS) and health related quality of life ? HRQoL (EQ-5D-5L).Results: Forty-seven people were included; 25 required hospitalization (age 55[50-59] yr; length of hospital stay: 9[7-11] days; COVID severity: moderate 23[92%]) and 22 did not (age 40[25-42] yr; COVID severity: mild 22[100%]). At T0, those who were hospitalized presented poorer physical capacity (p<0.01) and PA levels (p=0.02), greater dyspnea (p<0.01) and fatigue (p<0.01) than non-hospitalized participants.There was no between-group difference in lung function. Between-group differences were not detected at 3 and 6 months. Conclusion: People hospitalized for COVID-19 seem to have worse short-term mental and physical outcomes than their non-hospitalized counterparts. However, mid-to-long term outcomes do not seem to be different.