Aim. To analyze the role of the Gln27Glu polymorphism of the ?₂-adrenoreceptor (AR) gene in asthma development

Methods. 553 asthma patients and 95 healthy individuals were examined. The Gln27Glu polymorphism of the ?₂-AR gene (rs1042714) was determined using the polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analysis was performed within the SPSS-21.

Results. According to the Gln27Glu polymorphism of the ?₂-AR gene, the distribution of alleles and genotypes in healthy individuals and asthma patients corresponded to the theoretically expected Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The frequency of Gln/Gln,Gln/Glu,Glu/Glu genotypes in asthma patients were 52.8/37.8/9.4%, in the control group ? 68.4/25.3/6.3% (?²=7.99; p=0.018). Gln and Glu alleles were found in 71.7% and 28.3% of patients and in 81.1% and 18.9% of healthy individuals. Thus, the Glu minor allele, heterozygotes, and homozygotes for the minor allele were more common among patients compared to controls. The distribution of genotypes according to the indicated polymorphic variant among female and male controls and asthma patients did not differ statistically significantly (?=0.55; ?=0.52). The analysis of asthma risk showed its growth in dominant (OR 1.9; CI (1.23?3.11), p=0.01) and additive (OR 1.6; CI(1.13?2.4), p=0.01) inheritance models compared to homozygotes for the main allele. The risk of asthma developing in carriers of the minor allele (Gln/Glu and Glu/Glu genotypes) has increased by 1.9 times in dominant and 1.6 times in additive models of inheritance compared to homozygotes for the major allele.

Conclusion. A higher frequency of the Glu allele and Glu/Glu homozygotes were found in asthma patients compared to controls, without gender differences.