Purpose. Assess the practice of using antimicrobial drugs (AMP) as part of the standard of care for patients with exacerbations of lower respiratory tract infections.

Material and methods. The subject and object of the study was the data on the use of antimicrobials from 236 outpatient observation cards for the period from 2018-2020. The methodology of assessments of the management of AMP was used. 

Results. The validity of the appointment of AMP, recorded in the medical records of patients in 34% of cases, is confirmed by the type of exacerbation, in 27.5% of cases - by the presence of two or more signs of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and in less than 2% of cases - by the identification of an etiologically significant microorganism. Compliance of AMP selection practices with national clinical protocols is consistent in 15% of cases. In the structure of prescribed AMPs, antibiotics of the 1st Access group, recommended by WHO as part of mass availability, were prescribed only in 2.1% of cases; 2nd groups - Watch - were used in 100%, where III generation cephalosporins (45.1%), fluoroquinolones (51.4%), macrolides (18.4%) prevailed. Antibiotics of the 3rd group - Reserve, were prescribed in the regimens for the treatment of respiratory pathology in 5.0% of cases. In the first 3 days, with 100% clinical inefficiency of the antibiotic, its change was noted only in 21.1%, on days 4-5 with 90.5% inefficiency - in 40.4%.

Conclusion. The critical practice of prescribing antibiotics reflects serious problems leading to an increase in their unjustified and irrational use and the risk of antibiotic resistance in the region.