Introduction: Sleep efficiency and sleep onset latency are two measures which can be used to assess sleep quality, a measurement of how well you sleep. Several factors are related to sleep quality including age, sex, sociodemographic factors, as well as physical and mental health status.

Objectives: This study examines the factors related to sleep efficiency and sleep onset latency in a First Nation community in Saskatchewan, Canada.

Methods: A baseline survey of the First Nations Sleep Health was completed between 2018 and 2019 in collaboration with two Cree First Nation communities. One-night actigraphy evaluations were completed within one of the communities. Objective actigraphy evaluations included sleep onset latency and sleep efficiency. One hundred six-seven participants participated and of these 156 observations were available for analysis. Statistical analysis was conducted using logistic and linear regression models.

Results: More females (61%) than males participated in the actigraphy study with mean age higher for females than males. The mean sleep onset latency was 20.74 (SD=27.25) minutes and mean sleep efficiency was 83.4%. Age, chronic pain, ever having high blood pressure and smoking inside the house were associated with increased risk of poor sleep efficiency in the multiple logistic regression model. Age, chronic pain, ever having anxiety, heart related illness and smoking inside the house were associated with longer sleep onset latency in the multiple linear regression model.

Conclusions: Sleep efficiency and sleep onset latency were associated with physical and environmental factors in the First Nation community members.