ERS Respiratory Channel

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Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased susceptibility to multiple diseases. Identification of dysregulated microRNAs (miRs) and target genes in the context of OSA may provide relevant insights into OSA pathophysiology. We mined existing literature on dysregulated miRs in OSA studies to construct a database that allowed the exploration of associated biological processes and biomarkers.

The search included all human observational studies that reported differentially expressed (DE) miRs, validated by quantitative PCR, in comparison with a control group (no OSA). DE miRs and target genes were further explored based on miR databases. Enrichment analyses were performed in R software using clusterProfiler and DOSE packages to discriminate associated pathways, namely biological processes (BP) and KEGG (Kioto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways.

From 10 studies that met the inclusion criteria, we gathered 15 DE miRs in patients with OSA relative to control subjects, [13 down- and 2 up-regulated (p < 0.05)]. We found 12169 associated unique target genes. Pathway analysis of target genes revealed an enrichment in metabolic processes, related with catabolic processes, cell cycle, growth (top 10 biological processes with higher Gene ratio, q-value < 1x10^-16). KEGG analysis showed that target genes were mostly associated with pathways of neurodegeneration, infection, and cancer (top 10 biological processes with higher Gene ratio, q-value < 1x10^-4).

Our results suggest an evident impact of OSA on miRs and gene expression that may be further explored as potential biomarkers for OSA. Gene targets and associated biological pathways emphasize the potential contribution of OSA to disease mechanisms and common comorbidities.

Abstract

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